Supplement analysis backed by scientific evidence · PT

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Moderate evidenceGeneral health

Senior Multivitamin (50+)

A standard multivitamin adjusted for older adults: usually no iron, more B12 and vitamin D. Large randomised evidence now suggests a small benefit for memory in older adults, while the older promise of cardiovascular protection has not held up.

Evidence last reviewed: August 2026

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What the science says

  • Memory and cognition in older adults Moderate evidence

    Within the COSMOS trial programme, a randomised study found that daily multivitamin supplementation improved memory in older adults, and a meta-analysis of three COSMOS cognitive substudies found a modest overall benefit on global cognition compared with placebo. The effect is small, comes from a single large trial programme, and its everyday meaning is uncertain.

  • Cardiovascular disease prevention Moderate evidence

    A systematic review and meta-analysis of multivitamin and mineral supplementation found no association with reduced cardiovascular disease or mortality. This is the clearest negative result for routine multivitamin use.

  • Correcting age-related deficiencies Moderate evidence

    Vitamin B12 absorption falls with age and atrophic gastritis, and vitamin D status is commonly low in older adults with little sun exposure. A senior formula is a reasonable, cheap way to cover these gaps, though targeted supplementation after testing is more precise.

Dosage & safety

Studied doseOne daily serving supplying roughly 100% of the reference intake for most vitamins and minerals. COSMOS used a standard commercial senior multivitamin tablet daily for one to three years. Senior formulas usually omit iron and provide extra B12 and vitamin D.
SafetyWell tolerated. Avoid iron-containing formulas unless a clinician has confirmed you need iron. Beta-carotene at supplemental doses raises lung cancer risk in current and former smokers. Watch total vitamin A across all your supplements, and check that added vitamin K does not conflict with warfarin. A multivitamin does not offset a poor diet or replace treatment of a diagnosed deficiency.

Scientific references

Where to buy

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