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Limited evidenceBrain & cognition

Guayusa

An Amazonian holly leaf brewed as a caffeinated tea. Two small acute trials show the alertness effects you would expect from caffeine; the claim of a distinctively 'smoother' energy is not established.

Evidence last reviewed: August 2026

What the science says

  • Acute mood and cognitive performance Limited evidence

    A randomized dose-response trial of guayusa leaf extract in healthy adults found acute changes in mood and motor-cognitive performance along with the expected small cardiovascular effects. Effects were modest and the study tested a single session, not repeated use.

  • Compared with other stimulant extracts Limited evidence

    A randomized trial comparing acute guayusa tea and a lion's mane extract on cognitive performance in healthy adults reported small, task-specific effects. The design cannot separate guayusa's contribution from its caffeine content.

  • Safety and composition Limited evidence

    A critical review of guayusa's composition and history of use concluded that it is a caffeine-containing stimulant with an antioxidant profile similar to other Ilex species such as yerba mate, and that its safety record comes from traditional consumption rather than from trials.

Dosage & safety

Studied doseA cup of brewed guayusa provides roughly 50–90 mg of caffeine. Trials used single doses of leaf extract standardized for caffeine content. Treat total daily caffeine, not guayusa specifically, as the limit to watch.
SafetyThe main effects are those of caffeine: insomnia, jitteriness, palpitations, raised blood pressure and reflux, with tolerance and withdrawal headaches on regular use. Keep total caffeine below about 400 mg/day for healthy adults and 200 mg/day in pregnancy. Very hot beverage consumption of related Ilex teas has been associated in observational studies with oesophageal cancer risk — let it cool. Avoid if you have arrhythmia or uncontrolled hypertension.

Scientific references

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